Indonesia is often considered the Asian country with the most native animals. Its vast archipelago, which includes thousands of islands, hosts an incredibly diverse range of wildlife. Indonesia is home to numerous unique species, including the Sumatran tiger, Javan rhinoceros, and the Komodo dragon. In a new study published in the journal Ocean & Coastal Management, an international team of researchers led by the Leibniz Center for Tropical Marine Research (ZMT) uses the example of Indonesia to provide critical insights into how alternative forms of conservation—so-called “other effective area-based conservation measures” (OECMs)—can complement marine protected areas